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Free model question paper for pharmacology 03 (6th Semester- All units) –
Free Pharmacology- 3 notes-
An orexigenic, or appetite stimulant, is a drug, hormone, or compound that increases appetite and may induce hyperphagia. This can be a naturally occurring neuropeptide hormone such as ghrelin, orexin or neuropeptide Y, or medication which increases hunger and therefore enhances food consumption. Usually, appetite enhancement is considered an undesirable side effect of certain drugs as it leads to unwanted weight gain, but sometimes it can be beneficial and a drug may be prescribed solely for this purpose, especially when the patient is suffering from severe appetite loss or muscle wasting due to cystic fibrosis, anorexia, old age, cancer or AIDS. There are several widely used drugs which can cause a boost in appetite, including tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), tetracyclic antidepressants, natural or synthetic cannabinoids, first-generation antihistamines, most antipsychotics and many steroid hormones.
Vitamins, minerals, and herbs may also act as orexigenic, as can lifestyle and dietary changes. Certain conditions — such as cancer, psychological conditions, and ageing — can lead to unintentional weight loss due to decreased appetite. Losing too much weight can impact a person’s quality of life and increase their risk of illness.
Megestrol is a progesterone based medication that doctors can prescribe to boost appetite in people with anorexia, cancer, HIV, or AIDS.
It may also treat breast cancer and endometrial cancer. The drug is available in liquid or tablet form. Side effects of Megestrol acetate include stomach upset, mood changes, and sleep problems. Serious reactions include swelling due to fluid buildup in the tissues, the onset or worsening of diabetes, and blood clots
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